Motorcycle Electrical Instruments

1. Layout of instruments and switches
2. Electrical wiring
The electrical wiring of motorcycles is basically similar to that of cars. The electrical circuit is divided into several parts: power supply, ignition, lighting, instruments, and audio.
The power supply is generally composed of an AC generator (or powered by a magneto charging coil), a rectifier, and a battery. The magneto used in motorcycles varies in structure depending on the motorcycle model. There are generally two forms of flywheel type magneto and magnetic steel rotor type magneto. Flywheel magneto is generally used on small displacement micro and moped. Four magnetic steels are evenly distributed inside the flywheel and rotate with the engine crankshaft. The stator frame is fixed on the crankcase, on which the magneto coil, lighting coil, and breaker assembly are fixed. When the flywheel rotates, the magnetic field line of force alternately passes through each coil, making the coil produce induced alternating current. In a magnetic steel rotor type magneto, its structure is opposite to the above, with six magnetic steel evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotor. The magnetic steel is die-cast together with the rotor using aluminum alloy, and the rotor is connected to the crankshaft using keys. Six sets of coils with iron cores are distributed within the stator. When the rotor rotates inside the stator, the alternating magnetic field lines generate induced alternating current through the stator coil.
There are three ignition methods for motorcycles: battery ignition system, magneto ignition system, and transistor ignition system. In the ignition system, there are two types of contact capacitor discharge ignition and contactless capacitor discharge ignition. The English abbreviation for contactless capacitor discharge is C.D.I, which actually refers to a combination circuit composed of a capacitor charging and discharging circuit and a thyristor switching circuit, commonly known as an electronic igniter.
Various colors of wires are distributed in the motorcycle circuit. Traditionally, red wires are used as the power "+" wire, black wires are used as the ground "-" wire, orange wires are used to lead to the ignition coil wire, the output current of the magneto is white wire, blue wires are used for front headlights, and so on. This is just a general usage for reference.